The treatment of obesity typically involves a comprehensive approach that includes lifestyle changes, such as dietary modifications and increased physical activity. However, in certain cases, medication may be considered as an additional tool to aid weight loss efforts. It's important to note that medication should always be used under the guidance and supervision of a board-certified obesity medicine physician. Here are some options available for treating obesity with medicine:
GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA): This class of medications (Liraglutide, Semaglutide, etc.) are medications originally approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, but they have also been approved for chronic weight management. It works by mimicking a hormone called glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which helps to regulate appetite and food intake. Popular brand names for these kinds of medicines include Ozempic, Wegovy, etc.
Bupropion and Naltrexone: This combination medication is approved for long-term weight management. Bupropion is an antidepressant that may help reduce food cravings, while naltrexone is used to counteract the effects of opioid medications and alcohol. Together, they can help suppress appetite and promote weight loss. The brand name for this combination medicine is Contrave.
Phentermine: Phentermine is an appetite suppressant that affects the central nervous system. It helps to decrease appetite and increase feelings of fullness. Phentermine is usually prescribed for short-term use in conjunction with diet and exercise.
Phentermine/Topiramate: This combination medication combines an appetite suppressant (phentermine) with an anticonvulsant (topiramate). It helps decrease appetite and increase satiety. The brand name for this combination medicine is Qsymia.
Orlistat: Orlistat is a medication that works by inhibiting the absorption of dietary fat in the intestines. It reduces the amount of fat that is absorbed, thereby helping to reduce calorie intake. Orlistat is typically used in combination with a reduced-calorie diet and exercise.
It's important to note that these medications have potential side effects and may not be suitable for everyone. They are typically prescribed to individuals with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher, or a BMI of 27 or higher with obesity-related conditions, such as high blood pressure or diabetes.